Survival : A Refugee's LifeBorn in Latvia, Fred Bruemmer experienced as a boy the evils of both Nazi and Soviet rule, the dispossession of his family and the murder of his parents by the Soviets. He was sent to a Soviet labour camp in the Ukraine, where he posed as a boy of twelve (he was actually fifteen) to increase his chances of survival. After years of starvation, mistreatment and diseaseonly one out of every hundred prisoners survivedhe returned to a war ravaged Europe as